Acknowledgments. – Why a book on railways and motorways?. – Part one: Theoretical fundamentals. – I. The basic theoretical toolkit. – Part two: Railways. – II. How to introduce competition in the railway system. – III. European railway reform. – IV. A simulation of the impact of the reform on the quality of the railway network. – Part 3: Motorways. – V. Private sector involvement in network industries: ‘roadworks’ on the way towards the free market. – VI. The issue of funding motorway infrastructures. – VII. The case of the Italian motorway network. – Concluding remarks. – Bibliographic References – Railways. – Bibliographic References – Motorways.